WHAT IS A JOKE?
We call joke, click or facecia a type of short narrative, in most cases oral, fictitious and humorous content, whose understanding provokes laughter. Its content can be satirical, ironic, burlesque, even ruthless, expressed through a verbal game or ideas, which to be fully understood needs some recurring references and some usual initiative of the funny between those who tell the joke and those who listen to it. The joke is a very old human invention. The first known compilation of jokes comes from Ancient Greek times, and is the Philogelos, an anthology of 265 jokes made about the fourth century AD.C. by Hierocles and Philharius, in theory.
Most of the jokes argue to a very fixed composition, initiated by a first narrative part that exposes the circumstance in which, then, the game or happiness occurs, which is a confusion of the circumstance whose resolution invites laughter.
The joke should not be misinterpreted with the joke or with other humorous genres, in which a real circumstance is prepared to mock or entertain with third parties, nor with the nonverbal humor (called gag) so characteristic of physical comedy or slapstick.
See also: Comparison.
TYPES OF JOKES
Depending on its content, we have the possibility to classify jokes into: Innocent or white jokes. This is how the most harmless, childish or correct jokes are called to all kinds of audiences.
Green or red jokes. Also called "spicy", they have in their narration a sexual or erotic content, whether explicit or suggested.
Black jokes. They are known as in this way for being part of the black humor or ruthless humor, whose narratives are sarcastic, ironic or cruel to people sometimes disadvantaged or pathology.
Political jokes. They have within their narration elements corresponding to local politics or throughout the world, to recognized personalities or occasions that concern universal history.
WHY DO JOKES MAKE US HAPPY?
According to Freud, the joke tries to violate popular and self-censorship to lead to laughter.
There are many explanations for this. Some theories, such as those of Marvin Misky (in his Society of the Mind), who proposes the joke as the human mechanism for studying the absurd, or even more so those of Edward de Bono (The Mechanism of the Mind and I am right you are wrong), who recommends that the human brain works from thought patterns to admit familiar stories and tales.
When one of the thought patterns is broken and replaced by an exclusive connection, as happens in jokes, there is a tendency to laugh in response. This would explain why after hearing them numerous times, jokes lose their happiness.
Sigmund Freud also investigated this matter in The Joke and its relationship to the unconscious. According to the popular psychoanalyst, jokes (as well as failed acts) accept that unconscious content emerges disguised in the light of consciousness, through games of expressions, displacements of the concept and other tactics of masking the deep message. Oséa, there is talk of a way of violating popular and self-censorship, which would lead to a manifestation of success (laughter).
STEREOTYPES IN JOKES
Most of the jokes work, in their need for a knowledge or a habitual leader between those who tell it and those who listen to it, with stereotypes or social archetypes, which are ways of universal consideration, previous (at times they have the possibility of being prejudices) and light, which attribute to certain types of people, some nationalities or some ethnicities certain cartoonish properties.
There are sexual, racial, religious, national and all kinds of stereotypes, which are used to generalize and superficially characterize a collective, which lends itself to the exercise of the joke very well. However, in several cases the handling of these stereotypes can become prejudice and transform the joke into a gesture of rush, discrimination or cruelty against the other. RELATED CONCEPTS Comparison Literary Resources Comic Literary Genre Comedy Irony Narration Stereotype Story Drama Speech Interpersonal Communication
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